Mechanical Basics

 

Torque Calculator

Calculate shaft torque from motor power, rotational speed, and efficiency.







 

Calculated Torque

Torque
0 N·m
Torque
0 kgf·m
Torque
0 lb-ft

Formula used:Torque (N·m) = (9550 × Power in kW × Efficiency) ÷ RPM

Note: This calculator provides an estimated shaft torque. For final machine design, also consider service factor, shock loading, gearbox/belt efficiency, starting torque, shaft material, fatigue, bending moment, deflection, and applicable design standards.

Torque Formula

The most common formula for calculating rotational torque from motor power and speed is:

T = (9550 × P) ÷ N

Where:

  • T = Torque in Newton-metre (N·m)
  • P = Power in kilowatts (kW)
  • N = Rotational speed in RPM

The constant 9550 converts RPM and power in kW into torque in Newton-metre. The fundamental relationship is:

P = T × ω
ω = (2 × π × N) ÷ 60

Example: Torque of a 15 kW Motor at 1,440 RPM

Given:

  • Motor power = 15 kW
  • Motor speed = 1,440 RPM
T = (9550 × 15) ÷ 1440
T = 99.48 N·m

Therefore, the motor shaft torque is approximately: 99.5 N·m

Other Torque Formulas

Torque from Force and Lever Radius

T = F × r

Where:

  • T = Torque in N·m
  • F = Applied force in Newtons (N)
  • r = Perpendicular distance from shaft centre in metres (m)

Example: A force of 200 N acts at a radius of 0.5 m.

T = 200 × 0.5 = 100 N·m

Torque Formula When Power Is in Watts

T = (P × 60) ÷ (2 × π × N)

Where:

  • P = Power in watts (W)
  • N = Speed in RPM
  • T = Torque in N·m

Torque Formula When Power Is in Horsepower

T = (7162.7 × HP) ÷ N

Where:

  • T = Torque in N·m
  • HP = Metric horsepower
  • N = Speed in RPM

Torque with Drive Efficiency

For gearbox, belt-drive, chain-drive, or coupling systems, account for overall transmission efficiency:

Toutput = (9550 × Pmotor × η) ÷ Noutput

Where:

  • Toutput = Output torque in N·m
  • Pmotor = Motor power in kW
  • η = Overall drive efficiency, expressed as a decimal
  • Noutput = Output speed in RPM

For example, 90% efficiency must be entered as 0.90, and 95% efficiency as 0.95.

Engineering note: These formulas provide an estimated operating torque. For final shaft, coupling, gear, or machine design, also account for service factor, shock load, starting torque, bending moment, material strength, fatigue, and relevant engineering standards.

Torque is the turning or twisting force that makes an object rotate. In mechanical systems, torque is produced by motors, engines, gearboxes, hand levers, and rotating machines. It is essential when designing or selecting shafts, couplings, gears, pulleys, belts, chains, bearings, pumps, conveyors, fans, and other power-transmission components.

A Shaft is a rotating mechanical member, usually round in cross-section, that transfers rotary motion, torque, and power from one component to another. For example, an electric motor shaft may drive a pulley, gearbox, gear, pump, compressor, fan, or conveyor. Shafts are designed to safely transmit torque while resisting torsional stress, bending, vibration, and fatigue.

Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transmitted. In a rotating machine, power depends on two main values: torque and speed. A machine may produce high torque at low RPM, or lower torque at high RPM, while transmitting the same power. The basic relationship is:

Power = Torque × Angular Velocity

This calculator uses motor or shaft power in kilowatts (kW), rotational speed in revolutions per minute (RPM), and optional efficiency (%) to estimate torque. It applies the standard relationship:

Torque (N·m) = (9550 × Power in kW × Efficiency) ÷ RPM

Enter the rated or actual delivered power, shaft speed, and transmission efficiency. Use 100% efficiency for a direct theoretical calculation. For a gearbox, belt drive, chain drive, or coupling system, enter the estimated overall efficiency. 

The calculator provides torque in three commonly used units:

Newton-metre (N·m): The standard SI unit used in mechanical design, motors, shafts, couplings, and engineering drawings.

Kilogram-force metre (kgf·m): A traditional metric unit still found in older machinery manuals and some equipment catalogues. 

One kgf·m equals 9.80665 N·m.

Pound-foot (lb-ft): A common imperial/US torque unit used in automotive, engines, fasteners, and international equipment documentation. 

One N·m is approximately 0.737562 lb-ft.

This tool is useful for preliminary motor selection, shaft design, gearbox output checks, coupling selection, and mechanical power-transmission calculations. For final design, also consider starting torque, peak load, shock loading, service factor, speed reduction ratio, actual efficiency, bending moment, material strength, shaft diameter, keyway effects, fatigue life, and applicable engineering standards.